Virtual reality is an innovative technology consisting of interaction between a user and a computer that involves real-time simulation. The objectives of this review were to analyse the effectiveness of virtual reality interventions within several fields of rehabilitation, and to investigate whether the outcomes differ with respect to the type of virtual reality system used. From an initial search of the literature, 481 records were retrieved. Of these, 20 articles were selected for qualitative analysis. Two independent reviewers selected relevant studies based on the inclusion criteria. Furthermore, 17 studies were included for meta-analysis (i.e. quantitative analysis). The results showed that upper limb function can improve with the use of both specialized and gaming virtual reality. Balance disorders improved with specialized virtual reality, but not with gaming virtual reality. However, no improvements were evident in hand dexterity or gait for either specialized or gaming virtual reality. In conclusion, interventions using specialized and gaming virtual reality can be advantageous for upper extremity, but not for hand dexterity and gait. Specialized virtual reality can improve balance.