Content - Volume 65, Issue 114

A summarizing survey of different studies in atopic eczema involving three types of cells (platelets, neutrophils, basophils) and their mediators is given. Platelets were found to release normal amounts of serotonin upon stimulation with epinephrine, thrombin and slightly reduced amounts after aggregated IgG stimulation. Serotonin uptake by washed platelets was found to be slower in atopics than i ...

Atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma are a common group of diseases with a familial predisposition. At present there is no suitable predictive or diagnostic marker. Adults with atopic dermatitis or allergic respiratory disease have elevated mononuclear leukocyte cAMP-phosphodiesterase activity. This activity correlates closely with histamine release from basophils. We investigated newbo ...

Forty-seven patients with atopic dermatitis was compared to non-eczematous controls with regard to the occurrence of different symptoms and signs. This comparison made it possible to analyze statistically atopic symptoms and signs with regard to their diagnostic importance. Hereby, a diagnostic point system was constructed which in 96% of probands gave the correct diagnosis. This diagnostic tool m ...

No abstract available.

No abstract available

Maximal histamine release (HR) from leucocytes, in response to Concanavalin A (Con A) was significantly higher in a group of 16 adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) when compared to 13 non-atopic adults. In a further 4 adults with AD, HR was similar to that in the normals, suggesting the existence of 'high releaser' and 'low releaser' subsets within the AD group. Leucocyte cyclic ...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to study the serum antibody response against Staphylococcus aureus within four immunoglobulin classes (IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE) in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and in normal controls. Soluble antigens released from S. aureus Wood 46 (protein A deficient) were partially purified by gel filtration of supernatant culture fluid. Median E ...

The epidermal changes occurring in various lesions of atopic dermatitis are reported. Quantitative evaluation or epidermal thickening suggests that both differentiated and undifferentiated compartments are increased in lichenified lesions. In dry skin (xerosis) of atopic dermatitis moderate but obvious inflammatory changes are observed. There is a mild increase of the epidermal volume without fold ...

The HLA-ABC antigens were investigated in 29 patients with pure atopic dermatitis and 43 patients with atopic dermatitis combined with atopic respiratory disease (ARD). Furthermore, the DR antigens were studied in 10 patients with dermatitis alone and in 24 patients with combined atopic disease. The frequencies of antigens and the HLA phenotypes A1, B8 and A3, B7 in the entire group of patients an ...

Three different aspects of delayed type hypersensitivity in atopic dermatitis (A.D.) were studied. (a) Intradermal testing demonstrated that positive reactions to bacterial vaccines were distinctly lower in patients with A.D. (b) Patch testing in patients with A.D. compared to tests in patients with anal eczema showed a striking difference in results concerning the substances to which positive rea ...

Of 200 atopic dermatitis patients observed during cold months, 44 (22%) had ichthyosis vulgaris. Histologically, the dry skin in atopic dermatitis coexistent with ichthyosis demonstrated ichthyotic features which were frequently superimposed with eczematous changes. The dry skin in pure atopic dermatitis demonstrated the histology of mild eczema. Examinations using monoclonal antibodies showed tha ...

We report the initial results arising from analysis of a prospective computerized study of infantile atopic dermatitis in which, among other factors, the criteria of severity of the dermatitis was considered for the first time. Besides providing informations on the natural history of childhood AD, this study showed that onset of asthma was significantly earlier in children affected with severe AD.

Impaired beta-adrenergic and enhanced alpha-adrenergic reactivity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. We have measured the elevation of cyclic AMP in peripheral blood leukocytes in response to isoprenaline, histamine and prostaglandin E2, in the presence and absence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. An impaired response to beta-adrenergic stimulation was demonstrated in ...

Certain infections such as Kaposi's herpetic eruption, impetigo, recurrent cutaneous herpes simplex and warts are more frequent in subjects with atopic dermatitis. It is likely that the continuous alterations of the skin are more important than immunological factors in increasing the frequency of some infections in subjects with atopic dermatitis. Moreover, these infections do not seem to affect s ...

The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis is heavily colonized with S. aureus, and their immune response to S. aureus shows some particular features: (1) A selective hyporesponsiveness to purified S. aureus cell walls in delayed type hypersensitivity skin reactions. (2) The presence of IgE to cell walls and soluble antigens of S. aureus in patients with high serum IgE levels. (3) Elevated cell w ...

The natural killer cell cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes from twenty-one patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis was studied directly by a single cell assay. Suspensions of conjugated effector cells bound to target cells were examined with a light microscope to evaluate the cell lysis using trypan blue exclusion. The binding to the K562 target cells and the kinetics of lysis ...

Clinical parameters of 84 egg-allergic children were recorded. The individual allergens in hen's egg white were studied by means of crossed radio-immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE). Thirteen of the proteins in the egg white were found to have given rise to IgE-antibody production in the egg-allergic children. The major allergens were identified as ovalbumin, ovomucoid and ovotransferrin. Pruritus and ex ...

No abstract available.

A long-term follow-up study (minimum 24 years) has been carried out on 955 individuals with a history of atopic dermatitis (AD), who in childhood had been in- or out-patients at the Department of Dermatology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm. 62% of the in-patients and 40% of the out-patients still had dermatitis at investigation. The most common site was the hands. Eczematous hand involvement in ch ...

In a study of almost 1000 patients with past or present atopic dermatitis (AD) it was found that histories of recurrent (greater than 5 episodes/year) cold sores and upper respiratory infections, as well as histories of zoster were significantly more common in AD patients than in non-atopic controls. Serological studies revealed that AD patients have clearly elevated titers of antibodies against E ...

Eczema is one of the cutaneous manifestations of primary immune deficiencies. It may therefore serve as a model for the understanding of atopic dermatitis (AD) provided the eczema in the immune deficiency under consideration is a constant feature and is similar to AD. In the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome the eczematous eruption is (i) a constant feature of the syndrome, (ii) indistinguishable from AD w ...

Thirty-seven patients with moderate or severe persistent atopic dermatitis gave a history of skin reactions following the ingestion of certain foods. These reactions fell into three groups: immediate reactions (within one hour) which included angio-oedema, contact urticaria, generalised itching and erythema, or urticaria; late reactions, where patients experienced late urticaria, late angio-oedema ...

Mononuclear cells separated from peripheral blood from 34 patients with mild and 19 patients with severe atopic dermatitis, and 24 controls, were stained with OKT3, OKT4 and OKT8, using immunofluorescence technique and counted. In patients with severe atopic dermatitis a highly significant decrease in OKT3, OKT4- and OKT8-positive lymphocytes was found, as compared with controls, as well as an inc ...

In 1979-1981, 107 patients with atopic dermatitis were treated with Psorilux 9050 emitting 1.24 mW/cm2 at 280-315 nm and 7.33 mW/cm2 at 315-400 nm. Half of the patients received one treatment course, 20% 2-3 courses, and one third more than 3 treatment courses. A good result was obtained in 93% of the cases but in the other cases the treatment was either ineffective or the patients were too sensit ...

Many immunological alterations have been reported in atopic dermatitis, and it is likely that in some cases they are capable of worsening the clinical course of atopic dermatitis (AD). More frequently these alterations are responsible for conditions associated with AD such as asthma, food allergy and infections. It seems probable that in some cases they are evidence of a preclinical allergic manif ...

The effects of dietary supplementation with evening primrose oil (Efamol) in 99 patients with atopic dermatitis were investigated in a double blind, controlled crossover study. Simultaneously, plasma phospholipid essential fatty acid status was determined in 50 of these patients before and after treatment. In a separate study, lymphocyte subsets and mitogen responses were investigated in 15 atopic ...

Pityrosporum orbiculare (pit.o.), the yeast form of Malassezia furfur, though usually considered to be a non-pathogenic saprophyte, in some individuals trigger various types of dermatitis. It is earlier shown that it is of importance in atopic dermatitis in the head-neck area in adults, and that elimination of the yeast by help of treatment with ketoconazole improve the dermatitis. In this large r ...

No abstract available.

There is little information about the role of complement in atopic dermatitis (AD). We studied the levels of both normal complement components and activation products in peripheral blood of patients with mild to intermediate disease. 35 patients had not received systemic or topical steroid therapy 6 weeks prior to blood collection. C3, C4 and C1 INA were determined in serum by radioimmunodiffusion ...

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No abstract available.

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No abstract available.